Swine flu is a term for one type of influenza caused by the H1N1 virus. The term swine flu arises because the strain of the virus is similar to the influenza virus that causes influenza in pigs.
Swine Flu Symptoms
The incubation period of swine flu is about 24 to 72 hours after the person is exposed to the virus. The disease has symptoms that are similar to the common cold so it is difficult to recognize. Some of the usual indications include:- Fever.
- Fatigue.
- Pain-stiff.
- Headache.
- Nasal congestion or runny nose.
- The eyes are red and watery.
- Sore throat.
- Cough.
People with flu generally do not need treatment by doctors. But there are some people who are susceptible to complications that require examination by a doctor, that is if a person has the flu and:
- Be under two years old or above 65 years old.
- Is pregnant.
- Chronic illness, such as asthma, heart problems, and diabetes.
- Have a weakened immune system, for example because of HIV.
- Having a profession as a medical worker, such as doctors and nurses.
- Experiencing obesity
Causes and Transmission of Swine Flu
Swine flu is caused by H1N1 virus. Just like other infulenza viruses, the virus will attack cells in the walls of the nose, throat, and lungs.
H1N1 virus transmission is also similar to other influenza viruses, for example from people who sneeze or cough. If the droplets of snot or saliva from the sufferer are attached directly to the surface of the eyes, nose, and mouth, you will experience exposure by the virus. Please remember that this virus can not spread through the consumption of pork.
Swine Flu Treatment and Prevention
Swine flu treatment for each patient is different. This is determined based on the symptoms experienced and the severity, medical history, and physical condition of the patient.
In general, people with swine flu can do their own treatment at home. Simple steps that can be done include:
- Just rest.
- Drink plenty of fluids to avoid dehydration.
- Be sure to keep your body warm.
Drugs may also be provided by a doctor if needed. The goal is to reduce the intensity of symptoms experienced by the patient. Examples of the drug include ibuprofen and paracetamol.
However, there are also cases of swine flu that require treatment at the hospital. Especially if the person has a high risk to experience complications. Doctors will usually provide antiviral drugs or antibiotics for those at high risk.
Vaccination and Swine Flu Prevention
The main step to avoid swine flu is to receive influenza vaccine. The vaccine will also help the body to build defense against the H1N1 virus and is generally recommended once a year.
In addition to vaccines, there are some simple ways that we can apply to avoid swine flu while preventing transmission. Among others are:
- Diligently wash hands with water and soap. Use alcohol-based hand sanitizer if necessary.
- Avoid direct contact with people as much as possible.
- Do not travel if you are sick.
- If any of your family members has the flu, make sure only you or one of your family cares for it so that other family members avoid the virus exposure.